Wall mounted surge protectors are items that individuals can use to protect electronics from voltage spikes (i.e., quick jolts of electricity). All surge protectors work by preventing or shorting ground voltages. Often times, people can purchase power strips (i.e., pieces of sockets that have multiple outlets where people can utilize for plugging in many devices) that come with surge protectors already.
In a standard appliance, the normal voltage for an item is 120 volts; when the voltage goes beyond 120 volts, an issue arises, and that is where surge protectors come in handy. If a person owns a few computers, each of which plugs into a power strip, and the voltage rises to 160 volts, the surge protector(s) will stop the problem from destroying the computer(s). Thus, wall mounted surge protectors are a necessity for electronic devices, such as computers, if individuals want to ensure that they are not destroyed by an overflow of voltage.
To understand why voltage rising too high can destroy an electronic device, it is important to understand some basics. Voltage itself is a measure of the difference in electric potential energy; this energy travels from one point of an object to another point because there happens to be more potential energy on one side of the object. If a wire has more electric potential energy on one side, it will eventually travel to the other side. Thus, voltage can best be imagined as a measure of electrical pressure.
Many things can cause voltage to go up, and when it goes up for three nanoseconds, it is called a “surge”; if the voltage only rises for two nanoseconds, however, it is called a “spike”. If these spikes or surges get too high, they can deal a lot of damage to the electronic appliance quickly, or at least it will wear the machine down over time.
Mounted surge protectors work in a unique fashion. When a voltage occurs, the surge protector sends the extra electricity (e.g., 40 volts from the 160 volts) into a grounding wire via a metal oxide varistor (a.k.a. MOV). The MOV itself has semi-conductors, which have electrons that can change position and create a different resistance; if voltage gets too high, then, they move slowly. Thus, if voltage gets too high, the MOV will produce a lot of currents to destroy the current problem. The electrons in the MOV, then, are what are responsible for allowing the surge protectors to work, because they help to divert the extra voltage from destroying machines.
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